Lợi thế khi dùng Hibernate:
- Nâng suất: không viết code sql, ít viết code java
- Hiệu suất: cahce
- Dễ bảo trì
- linh hoạt: do generate code sql, có thể tùy chỉnh sql *Nhược điểm của Hibernate Chậm hơn jdbc do phải generate code sql
Hibernate và Spring là mã nguồn mở Java khuôn khổ mà đơn giản hóa việc phát triển các ứng dụng Java / JEE, ứng dụng độc lập chạy trên một JVM duy nhất, từ đơn giản cho đến các ứng dụng phức tạp, chạy trên các máy chủ ứng dụng toàn diện. Hibernate và Spring cho phép các nhà phát triển để tạo ra khả năng mở rộng, đáng tin cậy, và hiệu quả.
Mặc dù mục đích của các khuôn khổ một phần chồng lên nhau, đối với hầu hết các phần, từng được sử dụng cho một mục đích khác nhau. Hibernate framework nhằm giải quyết các vấn đề quản lý dữ liệu trong Java:API Java, JDBC (Java Database Connectivity), persistence providers , DBMS (Database Management Systems), và là ngôn ngữ trung gian, SQL (Structured Query Language).
Ngược lại, Spring là một khung nhiều tầng mà không dành riêng cho một khu vực kiến trúc ứng dụng cụ thể . Tuy nhiên, Spring không cung cấp giải pháp riêng của mình cho các vấn đề như sự kiên trì, mà đã có giải pháp tốt. Thay vào đó, Spring thống nhất các giải pháp từ trước dưới API nhất quán của nó và làm cho họ dễ dàng hơn để sử dụng. Như đã đề cập, một trong những khu vực này là persistence. Spring có thể được tích hợp với một persistence solution, như Hibernate, để cung cấp một lớp trừu tượng, quản lý, và có hiệu quả.
Tạo 1 database tên studentdb với bảng là student có cấu trúc bảng như sau:
2.1 Tạo 1 dynamic web project tên KetNoiDB, add new folder cho project:
Convert sang maven project và add maven vào thư viện của project
Cấu hình file pom để sử dụng spring, hibernate và MySQl như dưới đây:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 | <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>CRUDWebAppMavenized</groupId> <artifactId>CRUDWebAppMavenized</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <properties> <org.springframework.version>3.0.5.RELEASE</org.springframework.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Hibernate resources --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> <version>3.6.7.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>4.3.0.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-commons-annotations</artifactId> <version>3.3.0.ga</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-annotations</artifactId> <version>3.3.1.GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>3.3.2.GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>standard</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>20030825.184428</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-pool</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId> <version>20030825.183949</version> </dependency> <!-- MySQL --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.6</version> </dependency> <!-- Log4j --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.14</version> <type>jar</type> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <testSourceDirectory>src/main/test</testSourceDirectory> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <excludes> <exclude>**/*.java</exclude> </excludes> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/webapp</directory> <excludes> <exclude>**/*.java</exclude> </excludes> </resource> </resources> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> <configuration> <source>1.7</source> <target>1.7</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> |
2.2 Tạo file jdbc.properties để cấu hình sử dụng DB
Vào srcmainwebapp tạo new file và đặt tên là jdbc.properties:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect jdbc.databaseurl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/studentdb jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=123456 |
Day là config de connect voi DB MySQl
Tạo các file, folder theo hình sau:
2.3 Nội dung của cá file như sau:
2.3.1 com.nhungnth.model/student.java
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 | package com.nhungnth.model; /* * Khai bao cac bien lay tu bang Student * */ import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; @Entity public class Student { @Id @Column @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO) //for autonumber private int studentId; @Column private String firstname; @Column private String lastname; @Column private int yearLevel; public Student(){} public Student(int studentId, String firstname, String lastname, int yearLevel) { super(); this.studentId = studentId; this.firstname = firstname; this.lastname = lastname; this.yearLevel = yearLevel; } public int getStudentId() { return studentId; } public void setStudentId(int studentId) { this.studentId = studentId; } public String getFirstname() { return firstname; } public void setFirstname(String firstname) { this.firstname = firstname; } public String getLastname() { return lastname; } public void setLastname(String lastname) { this.lastname = lastname; } public int getYearLevel() { return yearLevel; } public void setYearLevel(int yearLevel) { this.yearLevel = yearLevel; } } |
2.3.2 com.nhungnth.dao/StudentDao.java
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 | package com.nhungnth.dao; /* * Khai bao cac ham add, edit, delete... can su dung * */ import java.util.List; import com.nhungnth.model.Student; public interface StudentDao { public void add(Student student); public void edit(Student student); public void delete(int studentId); public Student getStudent(int studentId); public List getAllStudent(); } |
2.3.3 com.nhungnth.dao.impl/StudentDaoImpl.java
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 | package com.nhungnth.dao.impl; /* * Dao implement interface * */ import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import com.nhungnth.dao.StudentDao; import com.nhungnth.model.Student; @Repository public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao { @Autowired private SessionFactory session; @Override public void add(Student student) { session.getCurrentSession().save(student); } @Override public void edit(Student student) { session.getCurrentSession().update(student); } @Override public void delete(int studentId) { session.getCurrentSession().delete(getStudent(studentId)); } @Override public Student getStudent(int studentId) { return (Student)session.getCurrentSession().get(Student.class, studentId); } @Override public List getAllStudent() { return session.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from Student").list(); } } |
2.3.4 com.nhungnth.service/StudentService.java
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 | package com.nhungnth.service; /* * model interface * */ import java.util.List; import com.nhungnth.model.Student; public interface StudentService { public void add(Student student); public void edit(Student student); public void delete(int studentId); public Student getStudent(int studentId); public List getAllStudent(); |
2.3.5 com.nhungnth.service.impl/StudentServiceImpl.java
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 | package com.nhungnth.service.impl; /* * service implement * */ import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; import com.nhungnth.dao.StudentDao; import com.nhungnth.model.Student; import com.nhungnth.service.StudentService; @Service public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService { @Autowired private StudentDao studentDao; @Transactional public void add(Student student) { studentDao.add(student); } @Transactional public void edit(Student student) { studentDao.edit(student); } @Transactional public void delete(int studentId) { studentDao.delete(studentId); } @Transactional public Student getStudent(int studentId) { return studentDao.getStudent(studentId); } @Transactional public List getAllStudent() { return studentDao.getAllStudent(); } } |
2.3.6 com.nhungnth.controller/StudentController.java
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 | package com.nhungnth.controller; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import com.nhungnth.model.Student; import com.nhungnth.service.StudentService; /* * action comtroller * thuc hien thao tac qua lai giua db va view * */ @Controller public class StudentController { @Autowired private StudentService studentService; @RequestMapping("/index") public String setupForm(Map<String, Object> map){ Student student = new Student(); map.put("student", student); map.put("studentList", studentService.getAllStudent()); return "student"; } @RequestMapping(value="/student.do", method=RequestMethod.POST) public String doActions(@ModelAttribute Student student, BindingResult result, @RequestParam String action, Map<String, Object> map){ Student studentResult = new Student(); switch(action.toLowerCase()){//only in Java7 you can put String in switch case "add": studentService.add(student); studentResult = student; break; case "edit": studentService.edit(student); studentResult = student; break; case "delete": studentService.delete(student.getStudentId()); studentResult = new Student(); break; case "search": Student searchedStudent = studentService.getStudent(student.getStudentId()); studentResult = searchedStudent!=null ? searchedStudent : new Student(); break; } map.put("student", studentResult); map.put("studentList", studentService.getAllStudent()); return "student"; } } |
2.4 tạo các file view cho webapp
2.4.1 src/main/webapp/jsp/includes.jsp
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> <%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags" prefix="spring"%> <%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%> <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> |
<! – File này chứa các thư viện thẻ sử dụng nhiều nhất ->
2.4.2 src/main/webapp/jsp/student.jsp
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 | <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> <%@ include file="/WEB-INF/jsp/includes.jsp"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>Student Management</title> </head> <body> <h1>Students Data</h1> <form:form action="student.do" method="POST" commandName="student"> <table> <tr> <td>Student ID</td> <td><form:input path="studentId" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>First name</td> <td><form:input path="firstname" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Last name</td> <td><form:input path="lastname" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Year Level</td> <td><form:input path="yearLevel" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <input type="submit" name="action" value="Add" /> <input type="submit" name="action" value="Edit" /> <input type="submit" name="action" value="Delete" /> <input type="submit" name="action" value="Search" /> </td> </tr> </table> </form:form> <table border="1"> <th>ID</th> <th>First name</th> <th>Last name</th> <th>Year level</th> <c:forEach items="${studentList}" var="student"> <tr> <td>${student.studentId}</td> <td>${student.firstname}</td> <td>${student.lastname}</td> <td>${student.yearLevel}</td> </tr> </c:forEach> </table> </body> </html> |
2.5 Cấu hình của các file log4j.xml, hibernate.cfg.xml và web.xml:
2.5.1 srcmainresourceslog4j.xml — ghi lai log
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD LOG4J 1.2//EN" "log4j.dtd"> <log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/"> <!-- Appenders --> <appender name="console" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender"> <param name="Target" value="System.out" /> <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout"> <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%-5p: %c - %m%n" /> </layout> </appender> <appender name="util" class="org.apache.log4j.FileAppender"> |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 | <param name="File" value="C:\ITLab\logs\GeneralLogs.log" /> <param name="Append" value="true" /> <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout"> <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%t %-5p %c{2} - %m%n"/> </layout> </appender> <!-- Application Loggers --> <logger name="com.hp.gcc"> <level value="info" /> </logger> <!-- 3rdparty Loggers --> <logger name="org.springframework.core"> <level value="info" /> </logger> <logger name="org.springframework.beans"> <level value="info" /> </logger> <logger name="org.springframework.context"> <level value="info" /> </logger> <logger name="org.springframework.web"> <level value="info" /> </logger> <!-- Root Logger --> <root> <priority value="warn" /> <appender-ref ref="console" /> </root> </log4j:configuration> |
2.5.2 srcmainresourceshibernate.cfg.xml — cofig cho file hibernate
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <mapping class="com.nhungnth.model.Student" /> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration> |
2.5.3 srcmainwebappspring-servlet.xml — cấu hình file servlet
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd"> <context:annotation-config /> <context:component-scan base-package="com.nhungnth" /> <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer" |
p:location=”/WEB-INF/jdbc.properties” />
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 | <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close" p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url="${jdbc.databaseurl}" p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}" /> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="configLocation"> <value>classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml</value> </property> <property name="configurationClass"> <value>org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration</value> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${jdbc.dialect}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven /> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> </beans> |
2.5.4 srcmainwebappweb.xml
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>KETNOIDB</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app> |
Kết luận: Refesh lại project và start server để run project