Almost all Software Testers have a question in their mind
“Why does the software have bugs? ”
and
“How do these bugs happen?”
This question will be answered in the article below.
In this article, we will know the top 20 reasons why Bugs happen in software.
What is a bug in the software?
A software bug is a bug or flaw in software that produces unexpected or inaccurate results, rendering the application inoperable as it should.
Why does the software have bugs?
There are many reasons for Bugs, the most common of which are human errors in design and coding.
Once you know the cause of the Bug, you will easily take corrective actions to minimize these defects.
Top 20 reasons to software bugs
1) False information or no communication between the parties
The success of any software application depends on communication between stakeholders, development team, and testing. Requirements unclear and misinterpreted requirements are two main factors causing bugs in software.
Additionally, defects can also occur during the code phase if the exact requirements are not communicated properly to the development team.
For example :
Project X has the function of developing product introduction video to customers. These files will appear on the home page and other screens.
The customer wants to add a sub-category containing sub-videos below the above videos, but does not specify which screen to add. Dev when embarking on the code does not confirm but automatically adds sub-videos to all monitors with main video. QA, when testing this function, confirmed with BrSE and the client discovered their desire to just add sub-videos on the home screen.
This error occurred due to lack of communication between the dev – BrSE – client. To fix this requires confirmation when in doubt, not arbitrarily creating the specs as above.
2) Software complexity
The complexity of existing software applications can be difficult for anyone without experience in modern software development.
Windows-style interfaces, Client-Server and Distributed Applications, Data Communications, Multi-relational databases, and the size of applications all contribute to an exponential growth in part complexity. soft or system.
Using object-oriented techniques can be complex instead of simplifying a project, unless it’s well designed.
3) Programming error
Programmers, like anyone else, can make programming mistakes. Not all developers are domain experts. Inexperienced programmers or programmers without proper domain knowledge may make simple mistakes while writing code.
Ignoring simple lines of code, lack of unit testing, and finding the cause of errors are some of the most common reasons bugs occur in development.
4) Client changes request
The customer may not understand the impact of changing some requirements, or may still ask us to redesign, reschedule the project team, affect current progress, work already. completion may require rework or dropout, hardware requirements may be affected, etc.
Small or large changes, known and unknown dependencies between parts of a project are likely to interact, causing problems, and the complexity of tracking changes that can lead to false positives. omitted. The enthusiasm of the whole project team could be affected.
In some typically changing business environments, continually revised requirements can be a part of the everyday reality.
In this case, the managers must understand the possible risks, and the QA and test engineers must adapt and plan large-scale continuous testing to keep the errors from being exceeded. control.
5) Time pressure
The most difficult task is scheduling work for software projects because it often requires a lot of guesswork. If the estimate time is not accurate, when the deadline comes, the errors will gradually become apparent. Without enough time to properly design, code, and test, Bugs will inevitably appear. Example: A project with a test period of 2 weeks is more likely to find bugs than a project with only 1 week of testing. When there is enough time, QA when testing will not only focus on finding errors but will pay attention to the applicability of the application to the user such as the inappropriate interface, button A should be placed at the top. screen that shouldn’t be at the bottom of the screen.
6) People who are proud or overconfident
People love to say things like:
‘No problem’
‘Simple’
‘I’ll handle it in a few hours’
“It’s very easy to update that old code”
instead of:
‘A lot of added complexity can cause us to make a lot of mistakes in the late stage’
“We don’t know if it is possible to do that, we will see”
“I can’t estimate how long it will take until I take a closer look at it.”
“We couldn’t figure out what problems that old source caused in the early stages”
If a software product has too many “no problem” things like the one above, there is a great chance that the error will appear.
To fix, QA when performing the test should have a mind set that everywhere can cause errors, even features that have been running for a long time. From there, allocate testing time properly so that the application runs stably when it reaches users.
7) There is little documentation of coding
It is difficult to maintain and modify poorly documented code, resulting in Bugs. In many organizations, project managers do not encourage programmers to write down their code or write code that is clear and easy to understand. This leaves any new developer starting to work with this code to get confused due to the complexity of the project and too little documentation of the code. Sometimes it takes longer to make small changes to the code because before each change, the programmer has to tinker with the code because there is no documentation of the code being recorded.
8) Software development tools
Visualization tools, libraries, compilers, scripting tools, etc. often contain errors due to their particularity or are less well documented in business, leading to the occurrence of the error.
Programmers often tend to constantly change software tools. Keeping up with different versions and their compatibility is a major problem that can lead to bugs.
9) The obsolescence of automation scripts
Writing automation scripts takes a lot of time, especially for complex scenarios. If the automation team logs or writes any test script and forgets to update it for a while then the test will become outdated, leading to a bug.
If the automated test does not validate the results correctly, defects will not be detected.
10) Lack of skilled testers
Having skilled testers with domain knowledge is critical to the success of any project. However, not every project can own all the experienced testers.
The knowledge of the domain and the ability of testers to find errors is the main factor in ensuring high quality software. Compromising any of these could result in bugs in the software.
Here are some other reasons that lead to Software Error. These reasons can most apply to the software testing life cycle: