Using TestNG Framework in creating Selenium script

Wednesday, 24/06/2020

Tram Ho

TestNG is a test framework – manages the creation of test suite / test cases, the sequence of running tests and the report after the run test is completed. TestNG is built from the inspiration of 2 xUnit frameworks: JUnit (Java) and NUnit (C #) (NG stands for Next Generation). TestNG can be used for Unit, Integration, and End-to-end testing. It was developed by Cedric Beust. TestNG is called Next Generation because it has some advantages over JUnit.

Although JUnit is a simple and easy to use framework, it has its own limitations; and TestNG was born to overcome these limitations. TestNG is an open source framework distributed by the Apache Software License and available for download (free). It provides the most effective result format possible, in other words, it can be shared with stakeholders to get an overview of the status of the product / application to eliminate the disadvantages of WebDriver when creating test reports. TestNG has a built-in exception handling mechanism that allows the program to run without stopping unexpectedly.

Both TestNG and JUnit belong to one Unit framework family, in which Test NG is an extended version of JUnit and is more widely used in the modern testing era.

Features of TestNG

Caption support
Parameterization support
The advanced implementation method does not require the creation of a test suite
Support for Data Driven Testing by Data provider (Data provider)
Allows users to set execution priority for test methods
Supporting a safe environment to avoid risks when implementing multiple threads
Ready to support integration with various tools and plug-ins, such as build tools (Ant, Maven, etc.), Integrated development environment (Eclipse).
Convenient for users with efficient reporting facilities using ReportNG

Compare TestNG and JUnit

There are many different advantages that help TestNG outperform JUnit. Some of them are:

Advanced annotations and easy to use
Can set the execution pattern
Can execute test scripts simultaneously
It is possible to set up dependent test scenarios

In both TestNG and JUnit, comments follow the “@” prefix. Here’s how to install and execute TestNG.

Install TestNG in Eclipse

Step 1: Open the eclipse IDE -> Click the menu’s Help option -> Select “Eclipse Marketplace ..”:

Step 2: Enter the keyword “TestNG” into the search textbox and click the “Go” button:

Step 3: After the user clicks the “Go” button, the results matching the search term will be displayed. Please select the corresponding TestNG and click “Install” to start the installation:

Step 4: During the installation process, there will be a confirmation popup, click the “Confirm” button on this popup to continue the installation process:

Step 5: In the next step, the application will prompt you to accept the license and then click the “Finish” button.

Step 6: The installation is started now and displays the following process:

After installation is complete, you should restart Eclipse to reflect the changes made.

Upon rebooting, users can verify the TestNG setting by navigating to “Preferences” from the “Window” option on the menu bar. Refer to the image below:

Create a sample TestNG project

Step 1: Click File -> New -> Select Java Project:

Step 2: Enter the project name as “Demo TestNG” -> Next button -> button Finish, and your Java project is ready.

Step 3: The next step is to configure the TestNG library for the newly created java project. Click tap “Libraries” in the Configure Build Path section. Click the “Add library” button:

Step 4: The user will be dependent on the broadcast dialog to select the configuration library. Select TestNG and click and “Next” button as shown in the image below. At the end of the process, click the “Finish” button.

OK, so TestNG has been added to the Java project and the necessary libraries can be found in the package when extending the diagram tree:

You can add any library you want in the above way.

Create TestNG class

Step 1: Expand the “DemoTestNG” project -> right click on “src” folder -> “New” -> “Other”:

Step 2: Expand the “TestNG” section and select the “TestNG class” option and click the “Next” button:

Provide the necessary information as below image. Specify the Source folder, the Package name and the Class name and click the “Finish” button:

The TestNG class mentioned above will be created with the default schema:

Having got the basic ground for the TestNG test script, we will now add the actual test code according to the scenario below.

Scenario:

Launch browser and open gmail.com page.
Confirm the title of the page and print the verification result.
Enter the username and password.
Click the Login button.
Close the web browser.

Code:

package TestNG;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
 
public class DemoTestNG {
       public WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
       String appUrl = "https://accounts.google.com";
 
@Test
public void gmailLogin() {
             // launch the firefox browser and open the application url
              driver.get("https://gmail.com");
              
// maximize the browser window
              driver.manage().window().maximize();
              
// declare and initialize the variable to store the expected title of the webpage.
              String expectedTitle = " Sign in - Google Accounts ";
              
// fetch the title of the web page and save it into a string variable
              String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
              Assert.assertEquals(expectedTitle,actualTitle);
              
// enter a valid username in the email textbox
              WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.id("Email"));
              username.clear();
              username.sendKeys("TestSelenium");
 
// enter a valid password in the password textbox
              WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.id("Passwd"));
              password.clear();
              password.sendKeys("password123");
              
// click on the Sign in button
              WebElement SignInButton = driver.findElement(By.id("signIn"));
              SignInButton.click();
              
// close the web browser
              driver.close();
}
}

package TestNG;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class DemoTestNG {

public WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

String appUrl = "https://accounts.google.com";

@Test

public void gmailLogin() {

// launch the firefox browser and open the application url

driver.get("https://gmail.com");

// maximize the browser window

driver.manage().window().maximize();

// declare and initialize the variable to store the expected title of the webpage.

String expectedTitle = " Sign in - Google Accounts ";

// fetch the title of the web page and save it into a string variable

String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();

Assert.assertEquals(expectedTitle,actualTitle);

// enter a valid username in the email textbox

WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.id("Email"));

username.clear();

username.sendKeys("TestSelenium");

// enter a valid password in the password textbox

WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.id("Passwd"));

password.clear();

password.sendKeys("password123");

// click on the Sign in button

WebElement SignInButton = driver.findElement(By.id("signIn"));

SignInButton.click();

// close the web browser

driver.close();

}

Explain the code related to TestNG

Test is one of the TestNG annotations ( TestNG annotation ). This comment lets the program executor know that the method annotated is Test as a test method. To be able to use various TestNG annotations, we need to import the annotation package: import org.testng.annotations.*
No need for main () function while creating test script using TestNG. The program implementation is done on the basis of comments.
In the statement, we use the Assert class when comparing expected values and actual values. The Assert class is used to perform various verification commands. To be able to use different assertions, we must import the assert package: import org.testng.Assert

Execute the TestNG test script

TestNG test script can be executed in the following way:

=> Right-click anywhere in the editor class or java class in the package tree, select the “Run As” option -> “TestNG Test”:

TestNG results are displayed in two windows:

Control window
TestNG results window

HTML Reports

TestNG comes with great ability to create easy-to-read and understandable HTML reports for users to perform tests. These reports are viewable in any browser and it can also be viewed using the build browser in Eclipse.

Steps to create HTML report file

Step 1: Execute the newly created TestNG class. Refresh the project containing TestNG by right-clicking the project and selecting the “Refresh” option.

Step 2: A folder named “test-output” will be created in the project at the “src” directory level. Expand the folder “test-output” -> select the file “emailable-report.html” and open this file in Eclipse browser. This HTML file is the result of executing the above test script (TestNG class).

Step 3: The HTML report will be opened in the eclipse environment as shown below:

Set the priority in TestNG

package TestNG;
import org.testng.annotations.*;
public class SettingPriority {
 
@Test(priority=0) //độ ưu tiên đầu tiên -&gt; chạy method1() đầu tiên
public void method1() {
 }
 
@Test(priority=1)
public void method2() {
 }
 
@Test(priority=2)
public void method3() {
 }
}

package TestNG;

import org.testng.annotations.*;

public class SettingPriority {

@Test(priority=0) //độ ưu tiên đầu tiên -> chạy method1() đầu tiên

public void method1() {

}

@Test(priority=1)

public void method2() {

}

@Test(priority=2)

public void method3() {

}

The priority code snippet will be placed in the @Test annotation, with the syntax Test (priority = {expected_order}) (expected_order: 0 …. N, the smaller the number, the greater the priority). In the above example, the order of execution would be:

Method1
Method2
Method3

Annotations : If you are interested can refer to the original article here: https://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/testng-framework-selenium-tutorial-12/

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Source : Viblo

Using TestNG Framework in creating Selenium script

Features of TestNG

Install TestNG in Eclipse

Create a sample TestNG project

Create TestNG class

Execute the TestNG test script

HTML Reports

Set the priority in TestNG

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