Why should you read this article?
- Overview of the Web3 layer, specifically, where to do “blockchain”
- Learn more about how Web3 works
Web3 stack
When I first started to write, I saw that these articles were already quite a lot (both in English and Em) so I will do it a little differently. Each section will include
- What is this layer? What to do
- Skills needed to work on this layer
- Career opportunities
💡 This Web3 stack will be divided and written in the direction of Technical (Meaning solving technical problems and skills to work on that stack). If you want to look at the Biz perspective or the basic definition, scrolling down to read Coinbase’s article will be better
Web3 Stack as defined by Alchemy
Let’s get started
Network layer
Definition : Network layer is the most basic layer in Blockchain or Web3. It will perform the connection of nodes to form a complete network. Receive transactions and distribute to nodes. Regulation of dynamic algorithm and implementation of algorithms on reward payment, staking, etc.
Simply put, it’s like a telecommunications network (Viteo, Mobi, Vina), connecting calls with two parties, charging fees, etc.
Problem it solves : Realize a Decentralize Network
- Handle a node join/leave network
- Handle transaction
- Handle when nodes return different results
Necessary skills :
- Kao Peak Algorithm – To be able to realize the theory of consensus (Consensus), Mining, Encrypt transactions, blocks,…
- Network top kao – How to connect nodes well together? How does a submitted transaction broadcast to other nodes?
- Languages: Mainly C, Go, Rust… – Hard cores in general
Career opportunities : Too hard core so I don’t know. And whoever can do this is not normal anymore
Currently divided into two main schools are
- EVM blockchain – Generally a descendant of Ethereum, using Solidity to write Smart Contract
- Non-EVM blockchain – Guys who want to prove themselves as Ethereum killers. Usually use Rust or some other language to write Smart Contract
Already have a decentralized network, so what’s the next layer?
Interactive layer
Definition : Help connect to the Decentralized network above, if there is a transaction, then shoot into the network, and also expose the data in a “easier” way.
If the Network is like a telecommunications network, then this layer is like your Sim, helping support connect to the wave of the telecommunications network you use.
Problem it solves : Although there is a fully running network, it is difficult to access because the network currently has some problems like
- The whole network is too big, I can’t handle it – 2-3TB, 16GB Ram, CPU cores, stable fiber optic network
- Maintaining a stable connection node is also quite tiring – What about power outages, power outages, network failures, etc.
- Transaction submitted to the network but don’t know if it is successful or successful?
Necessary skills :
- Network, DevOps – This is mainly related to operating a node and exposing data to the outside
Career opportunities :
- I think it’s quite a lot, knowing DevOps well + Blockchain concept is possible
- The Blockchain Explorer side is now dominated by Etherscans
Presentation Layer
Definition : Generally a bunch of libraries to easily interact with the Interactive Layer above
If the Interactive Layer above is similar to the Sim, then this layer is like your phone. Connect to the Sim to interact with the telecommunications network
The problem it solves : There is a node running in the network, now the basic question is how to submit data or read data from that node. It is also necessary to interact with the wallet to sign the transaction
Necessary skills :
- The ability to choose the right library – I see there are quite a few libraries that do the above, so it’s mostly just choosing the right one to use.
Career opportunities :
Already a Web3 Developer, at least you need to know from this level to code. So this is the basic layer you need to know to be able to do many other things. But the career opportunities for the “Do many other things” are many. Read the section below
Well, in the picture, it is divided into 3 more use cases:
- Web3 Native Libraries – Connecting Frontend to Node
- Developer Environment – Set up the environment to develop
- File Storage – Used to save files, it’s basically too big of a file to save on the blockchain, so this guy was born. No one saves pictures in the DB
Decentralized Applications (dApps)
Last floor
Definition : In general, at this level, each app will solve its own problems that it wants to solve such as
- Lending, exchange
- Identity
- NFT, NFT market
- Data analytics
This floor is in the application layer, you have a mobile phone that is overflowing, full of money, you use it to flirt, scam, or tele-sale is your right
Problem it solves : What problem it wants to solve, it solves that problem. The only question that should be answered is why should the problem be solved in Blockchain, Web3 and not Web 2?
Necessary skills :
- Understand at least from the Presentation Layer and use it
- Code Smart Contract (Solidity, Rush, Move, …)
Career opportunities : Countless, not easy work but high salary. Usually when you say you work at Web3 you are working at this layer
Epilogue
In general, Web3 is still something quite new, currently the stack looks like that, but in the future there will definitely be many changes. Understanding the above stack will help you understand:
- What floor I’m working on is located on
- Why use X and not Y
And I believe the above two questions, everyone needs to understand whether it’s in Web 3 or Web 2
Reference source
https://www.coinbase.com/blog/a-simple-guide-to-the-web3-stack?__cf_chl_f_tk=AsGtONauPhkwNknhLlL3bqlzr6AUhhRkZi1CJQWpnmw-1667264466-0-gaNycGzNCqU https://alchemy.com/blog/web3-com/stack
Posts “ordinary”
https://thanhle.blog/en/blog/tai-khoan-o-web2-va-web-3 https://thanhle.blog/blog/chiec-transaction-tren-blockchain-ben-trong-co-gi