Estonia “The judge is not human

When it comes to high-ranking officials, we rarely think of them as technology leaders, pulling the IT industry nationwide up. The only “high-tech” thing that politicians, managers in the state apparatus are probably smartphones; Here, one or two people use a social network account to express their views or interact with the people.

But when looking at Ott Velsberg, the son of Estonia, we will have to change our minds soon to match the 4.0 era. As the Data Director, the 28-year-old is the manager of the entire technological revolution in the small European country, trying to bring artificial intelligence into the life of 1.3 million residents.

” We want the government to be as compact as possible, ” said Mr. Velsberg. At the present time, the boy is trying to perfect his doctoral thesis at Umeå University, Switzerland. The words surrounding the application of the Internet of Things – Internet of Things and the sensor of data into the government’s management system will soon become the reference outline for future legislation.

Last August, the Estonian government recruited Velsberg for a new project, applying artificial intelligence to many ministries, services and people support services.

About 22% of Estonia’s population is working for the government, the average number compared to European countries, but 4% more than the US figures.

Estonia’s Director of Information Technology, Siim Sikkut, started AI applications from 2017, before realizing Velsberg’s talent for recruiting. The 28-year-old said at the present time, Estonia had applied or artificial intelligence, or machine learning into 13 places. The algorithm has been able to replace the slow, cumbersome government employees with many layers of procedures.

Every summer, inspectors will not have to go to the government grantee’s farm, check the progress of the hay harvest. Satellite imagery provided by the European Space Agency ESA, taken every week from May to October, analyzed by deep learning algorithm developed by Tartu Observatory, will help to relieve tired work. .

When placing new images taken on a local topographic map, the algorithm analyzes each pixel of the image to find out the part of the uncut grass. The raising of animals or the self-cutting of grass can confuse satellite images, so it is necessary to intervene the inspectors and go to the local to check the reality.

About 2 weeks before the deadline, the automated messaging system will send a message, emailing the farmer with a link to the satellite of their home field.

The summary of professional qualifications of retired employees will be included in the machine learning system, automatically taken to the appropriate employers.

Any Estonian child born is available at a local school. All hospital related data are updated to the school as soon as possible, reducing the parent’s application period.

Estonian Ministry of Justice thanks Velsberg and a team of researchers to design a “robot judge”, capable of handling small property disputes, under 7,000 Euro – equivalent to 183 million VND. Executives want the new system to be able to solve outstanding cases for many years without manpower.

The project is still in the early stages of development, but it is likely that by the end of this year, Estonia will have a judge of the first AI, focusing on resolving disputes related to cooperation between two or more parties. Basically, the party and the prosecution will upload documents and related information, the judge will make a decision no different from a bone judge.

A lot of editing is needed to have a system that doesn’t make mistakes, the development process will need to revise the hands of the entire team of Velsberg and reputable lawyers and judges.

Estonia is not an ambitious country to bring AI into the executive aspect, but perhaps they are the first place to allow algorithms to make decisions.

In the United States, algorithms help judges find a crime sentence.

DoNotPay Chatbot comes from the United Kingdom, running on artificial intelligence power has successfully launched 160,000 tickets for wrong parking regulations in both London and New York.

Eesti Oigusbüroo, a law firm in Tallinn, Estonia’s capital, uses chatbot to give advice to users, automatically creating simple legal documents to bring to relevant departments. All services of Eesti Oigusbüroo provided through chatbot are free.

According to CEO Artur Fjodorov, they plan to expand their “Artificial Intelligence Hugo” service to farther lands, like the Warsaw capital of Poland or Los Angeles, USA. In this year, Eesti Oigusbüroo will complete his intention.

There are reasons why I believe the judge will succeed in Estonia. All of 1.3 million Estonian citizens are using citizenship cards, accustomed to using online services such as online voting, and tax information through government-provided websites.

The departments of e-government departments connect via X-road, a digital infrastructure that allows for easier data sharing. Estonian citizens can check their personal information through a web portal operated by the government.

There is nothing perfect in the world, as is Estonia’s e-government system; We can only expect results with as few errors as possible. In 2017, a number of non-project security experts pointed out the vulnerability in Estonia’s identity system, allowing bad guys to gain access to any cardholder’s activities. Estonia quickly overcome serious errors.

But that seems to be the rare case, the Estonian government confidently declares that it has not had a major data leak since the government digitization project began, from the 2000s to the present. The 2016 statistics show that more than two-thirds of Estonia’s urban population filled out all forms of paper via the Internet, nearly double the average across Europe.

” The really secret and secret things are not in the hands of the government, but belong to the employees and network service companies ,” said Tanel Tammet, professor of computer science at Tallinn Technological University. . Tammet is also a member of the government’s digital research team, the professor’s team will soon release a new research report and publish 35 new AI projects, from now to 2020.

There are people who worry about the future of the project. David Engstrom from Stanford University, an expert on the e-government aspect, says Estonian people can put their faith in government at this time, but if the artificial intelligence executive system happens, That belief will be difficult to sustain.

In the United States, many departments only use artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms to speed up the process of document filtering and processing, some use for more complex purposes such as measuring pollution levels. But according to Engstrom, the speed of application between departments and states is still very slow.

The main reason is that the laws in each other are different, the information sharing among departments is still slow. “We can’t reach the next limit,” Engstrom said.

The United States does not own an identity system “nationwide as one”, many parts of the population do not believe in the state management of information. That still does not prevent Engstrom from dreaming about the future of artificial intelligence assistants that will help judges in court, will be the platform for technology to make cold decisions, in accordance with the law.

” When applying AI, we will make more consistent decisions than the present ,” Engstrom said. ” And maybe an AI-powered executive system would be more accurate than a human-run system .”

Artificial intelligence is only as good as the programming hand that makes it. But human action is often dominated by emotions, especially when sitting in a dark room, knocking out tens of hundreds of lines of code, “fertilizing” characters for children to grow up. If an AI is adversely affected by the programming process, the decisions it makes will not be fair enough.

” You obviously have to worry about prejudice that arises after the automation process, ” Engstrom said, meaning that when the system automatically sees a certain group of people regularly commit crimes, it will tend to accuse the computer. hook.

When giving autonomy to the machines, human influence is getting less and less, it will be the only interaction between people and machines that is the system maintenance process. ” This is one of the top concerns with lawyers, when the government is digitized in this way .”