Comparing Python and C++

Friday, 18/12/2020

Tram Ho

The debate between Python and C ++ is an intriguing topic as both programming languages differ greatly in syntax, simplicity, usage, and overall approach to programming. Therefore, people find it difficult to choose which programming language to learn.

C ++ is a versatile programming language derived from the C language. Although Python is also a versatile programming language, it is a high level language, meaning Python code is easy to read and easy to understand.

Here’s the question that beginners are most concerned with: Is Python easier than C ++? Python is more beginner friendly, while C ++ is a more complex, low level language. C ++ has more syntax rules and other programming conventions, while Python aims to mimic the regular English language.

When it comes to their use cases, Python is the leading language for machine learning and data analysis, and C ++ is the best choice for game development and large systems.

1. Python

Created in 1991 by someone named Guido van Rossum, Python is a general-purpose programming language that emphasizes legibility as a top feature.

From the very beginning of its development, Python was designed to be as simple as possible to use. True simplicity is what it’s known for – Python uses a lot of white space to make its code easy to read, thus delivering a pleasant and simple learning experience.

When discussing Python and C ++ from this point of view, C ++ has a more complex syntax. For example, all C-like languages use curly braces and semicolons, while Python depends on indentation.

Another important feature of Python is that it is an interpreted language, meaning that Python code is not converted to machine readable at run time. Another important feature of Python is that it is an interpreted language, meaning that Python code is not converted to machine readable at run time.

Uses of Python

Machine learning (ML) with Python improved many industries such as insurance, retail, banking, aerospace, and business services. ML is a great option for finding insights in a particular field and making predictions.
Most data analysts choose Python as their primary programming language. It helps to process huge amounts of data in the most cost effective way. Python also manages data, analyzes statistical information, improves data visualization, and makes predictions in specific areas.
Python is also an active member of back-end web development. For example, Django is one of the frameworks that will help you use Python in web development. It’s possible to create a website using raw Python, but that’s very rare.
You cannot use Python code in front-end development. However, some tools can help you convert Python code to JavaScript (run in browser)

2. C ++

C ++ is a versatile programming language often involved in the development of large and complex systems. This language is the most portable of the entire circle of programming languages.

When comparing Python and C ++, Python follows the “write once, run anywhere” rule, which means that one code will work on all operating systems. However, C ++ code needs to be compiled on each operating system before it can be executed.

The biggest difference in the discussion of Python vs C ++ is that C ++ source code needs to be machine code. Python follows a different tactic when it is interpreted. However, decoding is usually slower than running the code directly on the hardware.

Where is C ++ used?

C ++ is closer to hardware. Consequently, C ++ makes the most of embedded systems around. According to embedded systems, they mean smart watches, medical machines, IoT sensors, and so on
C ++ plays a role in the development of applications such as servers and microcontroller programs.
C ++ is the leading language for developing 3D, multiplayer or other types of games. It’s powerful enough to create complex games like CounterStrike, Doom, and Red Dead Redemption. For example, even Unity framework is written in C ++ even if the user applies C #.

3. Which one should you learn: Python VS C ++

Getting started discussing Python VS C ++ in terms of syntax can start with a simple statement: C ++ rules and principles are much more complex than Python. Why so? Let’s see what the basic C ++ code looks like:

#include
#include
using namespace std;
int main() {
string name;
cin &gt;&gt; name;
cout &lt;&lt; "Good evening, " &lt;&lt; name &lt;&lt; endl;
return 0;
}

#include

using namespace std;

int main() {

string name;

cin >> name;

cout << "Good evening, " << name << endl;

return 0;

}

And here is an example of Python code:

name = input()
print("Good evening, " + name)

name = input()

print("Good evening, " + name)

4. Main difference

The following list covers Python and C ++ for the syntax and general rules of programming with these languages:

C ++ code needs curly braces and semicolons to work. Python offers a more user-friendly approach as it abandons such programming rules. It mainly depends on code indentation. This feature refers to the fact that each level of indentation creates the structure of the code.
Instead of using a semicolon, Python treats the end of a line as the end of the statement. If you need your statement to continue for several lines, you should use a backslash (). In C ++, you need to use semicolon to denote the end of statement.
Boolean expressions are different in Python and C ++. C ++ returns false or true based on numeric values. For example, anything labeled 0 is false and the other numeric values are true. Python also has other capabilities. For example, there are no constants and false constants are false, just like empty strings or sets.
Variables in C ++ need to have a type like float or int because the language is statically typed. Dynamic input is a feature of Python, meaning you don’t need to specify the object type. Python offers a lot of flexibility, which can lead to the use of variables in inappropriate contexts.
Single inheritance and multiple inheritance work in both Python in C ++.
An important aspect of Python vs C ++ is memory management. Python does not allow you to handle memory directly. Instead, it offers automatic memory management, called a garbage collector. C ++ does not have such a feature and all memory management happens manually.
The Python Dictionary vs. Map C ++ deals with a simple difference between the terminology of these languages. In C ++, map is a container that stores values indexed by a key. Python dictionary is the same, but it’s more flexible. Why? Because the keys and values are not necessarily of the same type.

One good thing is that learning Python for C ++ programmers should be pretty easy.Python follows simple conventions that aren’t too difficult to master in significantly short time.

5. Integration of C ++ and Python

Developers often combine C ++ modules with Python to improve Python and compensate for its less favorable features. Additionally, calling C ++ from Python leads to low level capabilities.

To fix Python performance issues, you can use C ++ acceleration modules. Therefore, code written in C ++ will achieve a higher level of performance. Overall, using C ++ and Python together for your projects means a combination of simplicity and speed.

To embed Python in C ++, you need to create a C ++ program, compile it, and link your program. Visual Studio is required to embed Python. Other useful programs include CPython, PyBind11.

6 Compare the performance of C ++ and Python

Comparing Python and C ++ speed shows which speed to execute faster and creating more time-saving programs One thing to keep in mind is that you need to compile C ++ and interpret Python. Code interpretation is always slower than compilation.

Also, since C ++ specifies the variable type, it will not signal a type error at run time. Overall, in terms of performance, C ++ is the clear winner when compared to Python.

7. Conclusion

Comparing Python and C ++ leads to one conclusion: Python is better for a beginner in its readable code and simple syntax. Also, Python is a good choice for back-end web development, while C ++ is not very popular in web development of any kind.

Python is also a leading language for data analysis and machine learning. While it is possible to use C ++ for machine learning purposes, it is not a good choice.

In terms of simplicity, Python is much easier to use and has great support systems when it comes to AI and ML frameworks.

C ++ wins the race when it comes to developing games. Yes, Python can make simple games that help you understand basic logic and game production steps. However, for more complex game development, C ++ is an unstoppable leader.

The performance of C ++ and Python also ends with this conclusion: C ++ is much faster than Python. After all, Python is an interpreted language and it cannot be suitable for a compiled language like C ++.

The good news is that you can get the most out of both worlds by combining C ++ and Python code. Therefore, some speed-critical parts of your project might use C ++ instead of Python.

Source: https://www.bitdegree.org/tutorials/python-vs-c-plus-plus/#comparing-the-performance-of-c-and-python

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